Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue abordar una brecha significativa en la literatura destacando el impacto de la alianza terapéutica en la reducción de las tasas de abandono en el tratamiento psicoterapéutico de pacientes diagnosticados con anorexia nerviosa, en el marco de una psicoterapia estratégica breve. Este informe de caso se centra en un análisis clínico realizado en un entorno terapéutico especializado en el Centro de Especialistas en Intervención Estratégica (MIP Center Chile) en 2020. El caso seleccionado involucra a una paciente de 20 años con anorexia nerviosa restrictiva, diagnosticada según los criterios del DSM-5, quien había mostrado dificultades previas en la adherencia a tratamientos psicológicos. Este estudio es único por su uso de la escala "Session Rating Scale" (SRS), una herramienta estructurada de retroalimentación utilizada durante las sesiones de terapia para evaluar y mejorar activamente la alianza terapéutica. La SRS proporcionó información valiosa sobre la percepción de la paciente respecto a la relación terapéutica, enfocándose en dimensiones como la confianza, la alineación en los objetivos terapéuticos y la capacidad del terapeuta para responder a necesidades específicas. Los hallazgos demostraron que fomentar un entorno terapéutico confiable y validante mejoró significativamente el compromiso de la paciente, optimizando la adherencia al tratamiento y reduciendo la probabilidad de abandono. Este informe de caso contribuye a la literatura al abordar la falta de evidencia sobre el rol de la alianza terapéutica en el contexto de la psicoterapia estratégica breve para la anorexia nerviosa. Resalta la importancia de herramientas estructuradas de retroalimentación, como la SRS, y proporciona a los profesionales clínicos un ejemplo práctico sobre cómo aprovechar la alianza terapéutica para optimizar los resultados del tratamiento en esta población.
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