Resumen
Objetivo: Desarrollar y evaluar el Cuestionario de Cuerpo Funcional (CCF), una medida del constructo de Cuerpo Funcional que refleja el uso adaptativo del cuerpo más allá de la insatisfacción o distorsión de la imagen corporal, incorporando dimensiones cognitivas, motoras, emocionales y hedónicas. La generación de ítems se basó en entrevistas en profundidad con mujeres diagnosticadas con trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (n = 30) y se perfeccionó mediante la retroalimentación de un panel multidisciplinario de expertos. Este proceso iterativo produjo un banco preliminar de ítems. Posteriormente, el CCF se evaluó en una muestra más amplia (n = 402) mediante análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio para establecer su estructura interna. Se evaluó la consistencia interna y se comprobó la validez convergente comparándola con el Cuestionario de Forma Corporal. A partir del banco inicial de ítems, se elaboró un cuestionario tipo Likert de 16 ítems. El análisis factorial exploratorio lo refinó a una estructura de 15 ítems y tres factores. El Cuestionario de Cuerpo Funcional (FBQ) demostró una alta consistencia interna (ω de McDonald = .93; α de Cronbach = .93) y correlaciones negativas de moderadas a fuertes con el Cuestionario de Forma Corporal, lo que indica que una mayor insatisfacción corporal se asoció con puntuaciones más bajas en el FBQ. El FBQ se presenta como una herramienta fiable para evaluar el constructo de Cuerpo Funcional y sus dimensiones. Es aplicable a diferentes pesos y diagnósticos de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, y resulta prometedor para evaluar el impacto de las intervenciones dirigidas a las alteraciones de la imagen corporal en contextos clínicos y de investigación. El Cuestionario de Cuerpo Funcional es una herramienta novedosa para evaluar la capacidad de las personas para usar sus cuerpos de manera funcional y coherente. A diferencia de las medidas tradicionales de imagen corporal centradas en la satisfacción o la distorsión, el FBQ enfatiza la interacción adaptativa con el cuerpo en los dominios cognitivo, motor y emocional.
Citas
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