Resumen
La alimentación intuitiva es una tendencia alimentaria adaptativa asociada al bienestar físico y mental, medida principalmente por la Escala de Alimentación Intuitiva-2 (IES-2). A pesar de más de 35 validaciones internacionales, no existe una versión validada para adolescentes mexicanos. Además, solo cuatro estudios han empleado análisis factorial exploratorio de ecuaciones estructurales bifactor (B-ESEM), metodología más apropiada para modelar la complejidad de la IES-2. El objetivo fue examinar la validez de constructo de la IES-2 en población mexicana utilizando B-ESEM, evaluar su invarianza por sexo, y analizar sus propiedades psicométricas. Participaron 1,441 personas (869 mujeres y 572 hombres) de 11 a 19 años (M = 15.52, DE = 1.84) elegidos aleatoriamente de 12 instituciones educativas del Estado de México, quienes respondieron la IES-2 junto con medidas de aprecio corporal y sintomatología psicológica. El modelo B-ESEM demostró ajuste excelente (RMSEA = .034, CFI = .988, TLI = .977) y reveló un factor general robusto representando un continuo bipolar entre alimentación intuitiva genuina versus control alimentario. Los factores Congruencia entre el Cuerpo y la Elección
de Alimentos y Confianza en las Señales de Hambre y Saciedad mostraron alta estabilidad transcultural, mientras que el factor Permiso Incondicional para Comer presentó problemas significativos con cargas negativas. Se logró invarianza métrica completa por sexo y la consistencia interna fue adecuada (ω = .80), y los hombres reportaron puntuaciones significativamente más altas (t = 8.47, p = .0001). La IES-2 mostró propiedades psicométricas aceptables en población mexicana. El factor general bipolar ofrece nueva perspectiva conceptual. Este estudio proporciona la primera validación rigurosa para población mexicana y contribuye metodológicamente mediante técnicas estadísticas avanzadas
Citas
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